IR SENSOR INTERFACING WITH ARDUINO UNO

March 8, 2022

IR SENSOR INTERFACING WITH ARDUINO UNO IR sensor is an electronic component that is used to sense certain characteristics of its surroundings. It does this by either emitting or detecting infrared radiation. Infrared sensors are also capable of measuring the heat being emitted by an object and motion detection. IR sensor interfacing with arduino UNO Wavelength regions of Infrared Spectrum Near IR – 0.75micrometers to 3micrometers. Mid IR – 3micrometers to 6micrometers. Far IR – > 6micrometers. How Infrared Sensor Works An Infrared Sensor works in the following sequence: IR source (transmitter) is used to emit radiation of the required wavelength. This radiation reaches the object and is reflected. The reflected radiation is detected by the IR receiver. The IR radiation detected by the receiver is then further processed based on its intensity. Generally, the IR receiver output is small and amplifiers are used to amplify the detected signal. IR sensor FC-51 The sensor used in our demo is model is FC-51. It is easily available on the internet for less than $2. Pin, Control Indicator Description Vcc 3.3 to 5 Vdc Supply Input GND Ground Input Out The output that goes low when an obstacle is in range Power LED Illuminates when power is applied Obstacle LED Illuminates when an obstacle is detected Distance Adjust Adjust the detection distance. CCW decreases distance.CW increases distance. IR Emitter Infrared emitter LED IR Receiver An infrared receiver that receives a signal transmitted by Infrared emitter. Connecting the IR sensor with Arduino Connecting Arduino with IR Sensor is explained in the following steps: Connect the -ve wire on the IR Sensor to GND on the Arduino. Connect the middle of the IR Sensor which is the VCC to 5V on the Arduino. Connect the signal pin on the IR sensor to pin 8 on the Arduino. Source code for Interfacing IR sensor with Arduino. Conclusion: The above-discussed information about the IR Sensor is all about the interfacing and functioning of the Sensor with the ARDUINO Development Board. In this way, the IR sensor component can be connected to the ARDUINO and can be used for a wide range of applications in the Autonomous Robotic Projects. Read related topics: Introduction to arduino boardInterfacing of arduino with joystick modulearduino official website tutorials

NODEMCU BOARD

November 23, 2023

NODEMCU BOARD NodeMCU is a development board consists of an ESP8266 wifi module. It is a low-cost wifi board with LUA based firmware. It is an open-source platform, where the hardware design is open for edit and build. The board has GPIO pins and serial communication pins. This is the basic board to start work on IoT projects. The pin configuration of the board is shown below. Now the pin description for all the pins on the board are shown below and discussed. GPIO(General Purpose Input Output) Pins:   This board has GPIO pins as show in the above image. We can make it digital high/low to control the components like LED. We can even generate the pwm signal    with these GPIO pins.   ADC(Analog to Digital Converter) Pins:   It has one ADC pin on the board. This pin can be used to transform the signal into digital form. This board has one 10-bit ADC pin to convert the data obtained    from external sensors to digital format.   SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) Pins:   NodeMCU hadware has four pins for SPI communication protocols. The board also support Quad-SPI communication. This board can support any SPI enabled device      to have SPI interface for communication.   I2C(Inter-Integrated Circuit) Pins:   This I2C is a serial bus interface protocol. It is also known as TWI(Two Wire Interface), since it uses two wires for I2C communication. Moreover all the GPIO pins on        the board cannot support I2C communication.   UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) Pins:   NodeMCU board has two UART interfaces, known as UART0, UART1. This interface can be used to upload the firmware codes to the board. This interface cannot be used for other applications while used for firmware codes uploading.   Now looking forward on the software programming of the nodeMCU board, Arduino IDE is used as the platform to compile and upload the code.   Now let us set up the Arduino IDE for nodeMCU   Download the IDE software from  https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software   Open Arduino IDE and Go to File->Preferences Now Open Preferences menu and enter the Arduino boards manager url linkNow select the nodeMCU 1.0 board from tools->boards Now your Arduino IDE is ready to communicate with nodeMCU   Finally connect the NodeMCU module with the usb cable to upload the code   Now upload the sample code into your NodeMCU to check its working.   After uploading the output can be seen on the SERIAL MONITOR This completes the basic setup of the NodeMCU board with Arduino IDE. This is the most basic board to start of working with the exciting IoT projects. Also read about – Arduino UNO Create a robot using arduino

INTERFACING JOYSTICK WITH ARDUINO UNO

November 23, 2023

INTERFACING JOYSTICK WITH ARDUINO UNO A joystick is commonly known as a control column. It is an input device consisting of a stick that acts as the central point on which the mechanism turns and gives the output its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. It also acts as a principal control device in many aircraft, either as a central stick or side-stick. In this tutorial you will get to know the interfacing joystick with Arduino Uno. Joysticks are used to control video games and also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, etc. Interfacing joystick with arduino uno is one of the important part of any such high level project. MAIN FEATURES OF JOYSTICK INTERFACE WORKING OF JOYSTICK The working of the joystick is nothing but it consists of 2 potentiometers which help in measuring the movement of the stick in 2-D. Potentiometers act as variable resistors and also in providing variable voltage, speed, etc depending on the rotation of the device. This principle is based on the conversion of physical movement into a digital signal and this starts working when it is connected to the computer or the device. CONNECTING THE JOYSTICK WITH ARDUINO The Joystick connection to the ARDUINO is discussed in the following steps:As we discussed above, there are 5pins on the Joystick sensor. Finally, the interfacing of Joystick Sensor with ARDUINO is completed and the last step is dumping the code into the ARDUINO board for the functioning of the Joystick sensor and to get the required output.When the power is supplied the functioning of the sensor starts but it is programmed accordingly to expect a result from it as per our convenience. ARDUINO PROGRAM OF JOYSTICK SENSOR FUNCTIONING OF JOYSTICK SENSOR The functioning of the sensor starts after the successful dumping of code into the ARDUINO development board. The final output values will be visible on the Serial Monitor. When the joystick is in the resting position or middle, it should return a value of about 512. The range of values is from 0 to 1023. So as per the movement of the sensor the output will be displayed on the Serial Monitor. APPLICATIONS: CONCLUSION The above-discussed information is all about the interfacing of the Joystick sensor with ARDUINO and its functioning and the output result of the Joystick sensor.This information can be very much helpful in understanding a brief about the joystick sensor with interface with ARDUINO board and very much helpful in dealing with Robotic projects and others by using the Joystick Sensor Read related articles: Interfacing ultrasonic sensor with arduinoTouch sensor interfacing with arduinoarduino.cc tutorials

Arduino UNO

December 15, 2023

ARDUINO UNO Arduino Uno is a development board developed by Arduino.cc, an open-source electronics platform mainly based on AVR microcontroller Atmega328.Basically, an Arduino is a microcontroller, for a basic understanding microcontroller is something the controls the data or in very basic language, it can be said that Arduino is a device that gives a required output to us stated that we give the required inputs to it. For instance –1. We need to switch on the fan just by clapping.2. Send a text message at a particular time.3. Closes the tap when the bucket is filled with water. ARDUINO IDE  To set the instructions for arduino, we need a software in which we can write the code and upload to the arduino so that the arduino can perform as required. Once the code is uploaded the arduino will function accordingly. To write the program few basics of coding are required.You can download the IDE from here Once the Arduino IDE is downloaded is looks something like this. Mainly code is written in two areas, void setup() and void loop() . Void setup() is the place where declaration are intialized and Void loop() is the are where output action(what arduino should perform) code should be written. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS  These are something that provides input information to the Microcontroller (Arduino)For ex: alcohol sensor, touch sensor, vibration sensor, keypad, touch screen.       These are the mostly electromechanical components that perform output action, and are controlled by the code ,which was uploaded to the board by the IDE.For ex: Motors, LED lights, display, buzzer. ARDUINO UNO BOARD  Arduino UNO ATmega328 It a 8-bit microcontroller chip used in the arduino board. Flashmemory 32K bytes Maximum clock frequency 20MHz EEPROM 1K byte Internal SRAM 2K bytes PWM channels 6 Programmable I/O lines 23 8 bit counter 2 16 bit counters 1 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR  Crystal oscillators are used in arduino because it helps when Arduino is dealing with time issues, for example if we build a project that turns a switch A OFF after 15 minutes ON and turn ON switch B, C & D one after another with a 20 minutes step. We can use Arduino software to program Arduino to do that.The number on the top of Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H this gives us information about the frequency which is 16,000,000 Hertz or 16 Mhz, this small component can make 16 millions cycles per second so using this concept Arduino can calculate time. POWER SOURCE PINS  These are on board pins on arduino that are used to give power to the sensors and actuators. And also they have few GND (ground) pins that should be connected to the sensors and actuators to close the circuit. DC POWER JACK This is used to supply power for arduino board using a power jack, and also a voltage regulator that provides a constant voltage (5V) to arduino board SAMPLE CODE